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Glacial retreat causes alarm, marine and heritage protection offer hope

Recent research highlights that over 600 glaciers have already vanished, with small glaciers in arid regions likely disappearing by mid-century. This retreat endangers nearly 2 billion people who depend on mountain-fed rivers for water, agriculture and energy. Scientists warn of cascading impacts, including reduced meltwater, destabilized ecosystems and heightened risks of flooding from glacial lakes. In contrast, monitoring data confirms the marine ecology off Hainan Island remains favorable, with high seawater quality and biodiversity. Separately, research reveals a natural "living skin" of microbial communities protects the Great Wall from erosion, demonstrating a successful nature-based conservation approach. These developments highlight the dual challenge of addressing climate emergencies while advancing science-driven protection for ecological and cultural heritage.

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